English Mentors Tips
Jen’s English Tips – Differences Between Backward and Backwards, Forward and Forwards
.
Differences Between Backward and Backwards, Forward and Forwards
Backward, forward, outward and similar words can be used as adjectives or adverbs. When these words are used as adjectives, they do not take s.
• He was seen driving in a northward direction. (Here ‘northward’ is an adjective modifying the noun ‘direction’.)
• Africa is backward in many aspects.
When words like backward and forward are used as adverbs, they can be used with or without s.
Note that the forms backwards, forwards and northwards are more common in British English. Americans prefer the forms without s.
• She was running backwards and forwards. (More common in British English)
• She was running backward and forward. (More common in American English)
• Let us go upwards. (British English)
• Let us go upward. (American English)
• We walked homewards. (British English)
• We walked homeward. (American English)
• We walked towards the railway station. (British English)
• We walked toward the railway station. (American English)
Note that we do not use s in expressions such as look forward to, put forward and bring forward.
• I look forward to meeting you soon. (NOT I look forwards to meeting you soon.)
.
Learn English on Skype
Inexpensive, Personal, Effective and Enjoyable.
.
Do you like studying English by yourself with a book or video? Wouldn’t you prefer to learn with a live coach who will guide you to learn faster?
With SKYPE you can learn from the comfort of your home or office. Your online coach will help you with Vocabulary, Pronunciation, Listening and Speaking. You choose where you want to learn and when you want to learn.